Evolutionary plasticity of developmental gene regulatory network architecture

Sea stars and sea urchins evolved from a last common ancestor that lived at the end of the Cambrian, approximately half a billion years ago. In a previous comparative study of the gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that embody the genomic program for embryogenesis in these animals, we discovered an almost perfectly conserved five-gene network subcircuit required for endoderm specification. We show here that the GRN structure upstream and downstream of the conserved network kernel has, by contrast, diverged extensively. Mesoderm specification is accomplished quite differently; the Delta-Notch signaling system is used in radically distinct ways; and various regulatory genes have been coopted to different functions. The conservation of the conserved kernel is thus the more remarkable. The results indicate types of network linkage subject to evolutionary change. An emergent theme is that subcircuit design may be preserved even while the identity of genes performing given roles changes because of alteration in their cis-regulatory control systems.     

Reduced tissue factor (thromboplastin) activity in von Willebrand's disease

Identification of tissue factor in cultures of human skin fibroblasts permitted assessment of tissue factor activity in patients with bleeding disorders. Tissue factor activity was studied by means of a one-stage assay patterned after the prothrombin time and a two-stage test in which activation of factor X by tissue factor in the presence of factor VII was assessed. Tissue factor activity observed in cultured skin fibroblasts from five subjects with hemophilia A and B was not significantly different from that observed in pooled fibroblasts from normal controls. By contrast, tissue factor activity in cultured skin fibroblasts from four subjects with von Willebrand's disease was significantly lower than that in the control. It is postulated that the observed tissue factor defect may be related to the pathogenesis of von Willebrand's disease.     

Clinical outcomes following DAA therapy in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis depend on disease severity

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Comparison of serum lipid profile in type 2 diabetes with and without adequate diabetes control in Sudanese population in north of Sudan

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem in Sudan and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Dyslipidemia is a major complication of diabetes and an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its co-relation with the glycemic control in individuals with diabetes in River Nile State, Sudan.

淮河水系毛毕吸虫自然疫源地调查报告

目的 调查淮河水系是否存在毛毕属吸虫及其尾蚴性皮炎流行。方法 取现场采集和实验室感染的耳萝卜螺压片、镜检，分离母胞蚴、子胞蚴和尾蚴，并将分离获得的尾蚴接种雏鸭；收集淮河沿岸家鸭和人工感染的雏鸭粪便，用水洗沉淀法查找虫卵、孵化分离毛蚴，并用此毛蚴感染实验室饲养的耳萝卜螺；解剖家鸭和人工感染的雏鸭分离成虫。对沿岸部分村民作现场查询和体检，以确定有无该皮炎表现及伴随症状。结果 现场采集耳萝卜螺的感染率为0．39％（71／18000）；家鸭粪便毛毕吸虫卵阳性率为33．50％（201／600），雏鸭接种23d后，从粪中可查见虫卵，且所获虫卵可孵化出毛蚴；解剖部分虫卵阳性家鸭和经尾蚴感染的雏鸭可分离出成虫。从虫卵、毛蚴、尾蚴及成虫形态观察，均属毛毕属吸虫。沿岸村民接触有鸭活动的水体后，在胸腹部及下肢等处皮肤可见弥漫性突出皮肤的红色丘疹，周围有红晕，并可见成片的风疹团，患处刺痒或奇痒。结论 淮河水系存在毛毕属吸虫，并有血吸虫尾蚴性皮炎流行。     

长三角城市群蜱媒分布及适生区分析

目的　了解目前长三角城市群蜱媒分布,并对2070年该地区蜱媒适生区进行预测,为该地区蜱媒控制和蜱传疾病防治提供科学依据。方法　检索国内外公开发表的有关长三角城市群蜱媒及病原体分布的文献,提取蜱媒分布地理位置信息,采用刀切法分析最湿季平均温度、最冷季降水量、最干季平均温度、最热月最高温度、最干月降水量、最冷月最低温度、年降水量、平均日间温度范围、降水量季节变化、温度年度范围、温度季节性、年均温度、最暖季平均温度、最湿季降水量、等温性、最冷季平均温度、最湿月降水量、最干季降水量和最暖季降水量等19种气候因子对蜱媒分布的影响。采用最大熵模型分析2020年该地区蜱媒分布,并结合气候因子对2070年蜱媒适生区变化进行预测。结果　共检索中英文文献380篇,累计提取蜱媒分布点148个,并筛选出135个分布点进行研究。长三角城市群存在包括血蜱、扇头蜱、硬蜱、革蜱、牛蜱、璃眼蜱、花蜱在内的7属27种蜱。影响长三角城市群蜱媒分布的气候因子主要为最湿季平均温度和最冷季降水量,其贡献率分别为26.1%和23.6%。2020年,长三角城市群蜱媒高、中、低适生区面积分别为20 337.08、40 017.38、74 931.43 km2。受气候变化影响,2070年蜱媒适生区呈向南部扩大趋势,适生区总面积将增加1.81万km2,高、中、低适生区面积分别扩大至24 317.84、45 283.02、83 766.38 km2。结论　长三角城市群蜱媒种类繁多、分布广泛,未来气候变化可能导致该地区蜱媒分布区域扩大。     

Suitability of five cladoceran species from Mexico for in situ experimentation

Although they are highly suited for site-specific risk assessment, little attention has been given to in situ ecotoxicological experimentation in tropical regions. This study intended to assess the suitability of five freshwater cladocerans from Mexico for in situ experiments. Juveniles of Ceriodaphnia cornuta, Macrothrix triserialis group, Simocephalus vetulus, Diaphanosoma birgei, and Pseudosida cf. ramosa, from two populations, were used to perform seven day laboratory and in situ experiments. Pseudosida cf. ramosa was very sensitive to handling and was discarded from further evaluations. Ceriodaphnia cornuta reproduced significantly more neonates, with smaller coefficients of variation, than M. triserialis and S. vetulus. Also due to its worldwide distribution in the tropics, C. cornuta is suggested to be highly suitable for in situ experiments.     

健康产业作为长三角区域战略性新兴产业的研究

健康产业是极具发展潜力的新兴产业。长三角地区作为我国经济率先发展的地区,大力发展健康产业正当其时,不仅有助于改造提升长三角地区的传统工业、促进地区战略新兴产业的发展、推进地区经济发展方式转变,也是促进长三角地区经济增长与保障民生有机结合的重要措施。